Gel stains are a favorite among woodworkers, as they offer deep, even color and are easier to control than liquid stains. Unlike thin liquids, gel stains are thick and remain mostly on the surface of the wood. When it comes to furniture, cabinets, doors and any other vertical surface with a possible drips problem, they sure come out on top.
Many woodworkers prefer gel stains because they’re easier to apply and less likely to cause streaks and blotches, which can define staining for years, especially for beginners.
What Is a Gel Stain?
A gel stain is a thick, oil-based wood stain. Instead of soaking deeply into the wood, it sits closer to the surface. That way the color disperses more evenly and you can better control the final result.
Gel stains don’t penetrate as deeply, they are therefore effective on soft woods like pine and hard woods like oak or maple.
Why Gel Stains Are Good for Wood
Gel stains are known for being easy to use and forgiving. They are also great for large or vertical areas.
They are commonly chosen because they:
- Offer an even coat with no drips or runs
- You can minimize the occurrences of blotchy spots on soft wood
- Wipe on and wipe off with ease
- Good for refinishing old wood
Common Uses of Gel Stain
Gel wood stains are popular for use on a variety of woodworking projects including cabinets, furniture, and other interior wood surfaces. They are also great for refurbishing old furniture where wood is scratched or levels are worn over time.
Gel stains are suitable for outdoor use, but only if they are sealed with a protective clear coat.
Preparing Wood for Gel Stain
Proper preparation ensures a smooth, professional look to the stain.
Begin by sanding the wood uniformly to 220 grit with the grain. If there is any dust on it, wipe the dust away with a vacuum cleaner or soft cloth.
Use mineral spirits to clean off any residue. Always test a gel stain color on a scrap piece of the same wood before applying to the main piece.
How to Apply Gel Stain
Gel stain is applied with a wiping action, not a brushing action, which allows for better control.
Stir the stain gently to mix the color without creating bubbles. Use a clean, lint-free cloth or soft brush to apply a thin, even coat following the grain.
Let the stain sit for a few minutes, then wipe off the excess with a clean cloth. One coat is usually enough, but a second coat can be applied after 24 hours for a darker finish.
Drying and Sealing the Wood
Gel stain must be allowed sufficient time to dry prior to sealing.
Allow the stained wood to dry for 24 to 48 hours in a warm, well-ventilated space. High humidity can slow drying and cause the surface to feel sticky.
Once dry, seal the wood with two to three coats of polyurethane. Use a gel stain if you’re applying oil-based polyurethane, as they work well together. For outdoor applications, choose a marine or spar varnish with UV protection.
Common Problems and Easy Fixes
Streaks or lap marks usually happen when too much stain is left on the surface. Applying thinner coats and wiping sooner can fix this. Blotchy color often means the wood was not sanded or cleaned well. If the color looks too dark, wipe more firmly or thin the stain slightly. A sticky surface means the stain needs more drying time.
Safety Tips
Gel stains emit strong fumes, so always work in a well-ventilated area. If you want to prevent your skin, wear gloves. It’s never a good idea to leave oily rags laying around. Place them in a metal container filled with water to reduce the risk of fire.
Final Thoughts
Gel stains are an excellent choice for woodworking projects that need smooth, even color. They are easy to apply, forgiving for beginners, and give professional-looking results. Gel stains can give your wood projects a professional look that can last for years to come if applied properly and sealed well.
